EVE OF A HUNDRED MIDNIGHTS

By Category

A Note on Sourcing

Books

Online

Archives

Periodicals

Endnotes

Correspondence, writings, photography, and other materials of Melville Jacoby, Elza Stern Meyberg, and Manfred Meyberg were provided by Peggy Stern Cole and the estate of Melville J. Jacoby.

Acknowledgment is made to Shelley and Seth Mydans for permission to quote from Carl Mydans’s notebooks. Please see the notes for specific citations.

The correspondence of Theodore H. White was quoted with permission from Heyden White Rostow and cited as such in the notes.

See the notes for details about Annalee Jacoby Fadiman that were provided or clarified by Anne Fadiman.

Abend, Hallett. My Life in China: 1926–1941. New York: Harcourt, Brace and Co., 1943.
Aiko, Tsuchida. “China’s ‘Public Diplomacy’ Toward the United States Before Pearl Harbor.” Journal of American–East Asian Relations 17 (2010).
Anderson, Duncan. “Douglas MacArthur and the Fall of the Philippines, 1941–1942.” In MacArthur and the American Century, ed. William M. Leary. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 2001.
Bartsch, William H. Doomed at the Start: American Pursuit Pilots in the Philippines, 1941–1942. College Station: Texas A&M University Press, 1992.
Brinkley, Alan. The Publisher: Henry Luce and His American Century. New York: Vintage Books, 2010.
Chinese News Service. China After Five Years of War. Prepared under the auspices of the Ministry of Information of the Republic of China, New York, 1942.
Christy, Joe, and Jeff Ethell. P-40 Hawks at War. New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1980.
Cohen, Stan. Wings to the Orient: Pan American Clipper Planes 1935 to 1945. Missoula, MT: Pictorial Histories Publishing Co., 1985.
Corbett, Charles Hodge. “Lingnan University: A Short History Based Primarily on the Records of the University’s American Trustees (1963).” Historical Texts of Lingnan University, book 4.
Costello, John. The Pacific War. Fairfield, PA: Atlantic Communications, 1981.
Dunn, William J. Pacific Microphone. Military History Series. College Station: Texas A&M University Press, 1988.
Edmonds, Walter Dumaux. They Fought with What They Had: The Story of the Army Air Forces in the Southwest Pacific, 1941–42. Boston, Little, Brown & Co., 1951.
Fadiman, Anne. Ex Libris: Confessions of a Common Reader. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 1988.
French, Paul. Through the Looking Glass. Hong Kong: Hong Kong University Press, 2009.
Hahn, Emily. China to Me: A Partial Autobiography. Philadelphia: Blakiston Co., 1944.
Hohenberg, John. Foreign Correspondence. 2nd ed. New York: Columbia University Press, 1995.
Gibson, Charles Dana, and E. Kay Gibson. Over Seas: U.S. Army Maritime Operations, 1898 Through the Fall of the Philippines. Camden, ME: Ensign Press, 2002.
Golden Gate International Exhibition. Official Guidebook. San Francisco: Crocker Co., 1939.
Goralski, Robert. World War II Almanac, 1931–1945. New York: Putnam, 1981.
Gordon, John. Fighting for MacArthur: The Navy and Marine Corps’ Desperate Defense of the Philippines. Annapolis, MD: Naval Institute Press, 2011.
Griffith, Thomas. Harry and Teddy: The Turbulent Friendship of Press Lord Henry R. Luce and His Favorite Reporter, Theodore H. White. New York: Random House, 1995.
Gunnison, Royal Arch. So Sorry, No Peace. New York: Viking Press, 1944.
Hamilton, John Maxwell. Journalism’s Roving Eye: A History of American Foreign Reporting. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 2009.
Harmsen, Peter. Shanghai 1937. Oxford: Casemate, 2013.
Hastings, Max. Inferno: The World at War. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2011.
Hersey, John. Men on Bataan. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1942.
Herzstein, Robert E. Henry R. Luce, Time, and the American Crusade in Asia. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2005.
Hsüan, Ch’uan Pu. China After Five Years of War. New York: Chinese News Service, 1942.
Hynes, Samuel, ed. Reporting World War II: American Journalism 1938–1944. New York: Library of America, 1995.
Ind, Allison. Bataan: The Judgment Seat. New York: Macmillan, 1944.
Jacoby, Annalee W., and Theodore H. White. Thunder Out of China. 2nd ed. New York: William Sloane Associates, 1961 (originally published in 1946).
Jacoby, Melville J. “This Is Our Battle” (unpublished manuscript). Written somewhere at sea, 1942.
Jacoby, Melville J., and Charles L. Leong. An Analysis of Far Eastern News in Representative California Newspapers: 1934–38. Master’s thesis, Stanford University, Division of Journalism, Palo Alto, CA, September 1939.
Klingaman, William K. 1941: Our Lives in a World on the Edge. New York: Harper & Row, 1988.
Lee, Clark. They Call It Pacific: An Eye-Witness Story of Our War Against Japan from Bataan to the Solomons. New York: Viking Press, 1943.
Li, Danke. Echoes of Chongqing: Women in Wartime China. Champaign: University of Illinois Press, 2010.
MacKinnon, Stephen R., and Oris Friesen. China Reporting: An Oral History of American Journalism in the 1930s and 1940s. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1987.
Meisenhelder, Edmund W. The Dragon Smiles: Student Adventures in Pre-Mao China. New York: Pageant Press, 1968.
Miner, William Dilworth, and Lewis A. Miner. Surrender on Cebu: A POW’s Diary—WWII. Nashville, TN: Turner Publishing Co., 2002.
Mitter, Rana. Forgotten Ally: China’s World War II, 1937–1945. New York: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2013.
Moats, Alice-Leone. Blind Date with Mars. Garden City, NY: Doubleday, Doran and Co., 1943.
Morris, Eric. Corregidor: The End of the Line. Briarcliff Manor, NY: Stein and Day, 1981.
Morton, Louis. The War in the Pacific: The Fall of the Philippines. U.S. Army in World War II Series. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Army, Center of Military History, 1993 (originally published in 1953).
Mydans, Carl. More Than Meets the Eye. New York: Harper & Bros, 1959; reprint, Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1974.
Overseas Press Club of America, members of. Eye Witness, ed. Robert Spiers Benjamin. New York: Alliance Book Corp., 1940.
Powell, John B. My Twenty-Five Years in China. New York: MacMillan, 1945.
Press, Harry. “Getting to the Front.” Stanford magazine (March–April 2000).
Quezon, Manuel L., III, ed. The Official Calendar of the Republic of the Philippines: An Almanac of Philippine Commemorations. Manila: Presidential Communications Development and Strategic Planning Office, Office of the President of the Philippines, December 2014.
Rand, Peter. China Hands. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1995.
Romulo, Colonel Carlos P. I Saw the Fall of the Philippines. Garden City, NY: Doubleday, Doran & Co., 1943.
Roth, Mitchel P., and James Stuart Olsen. Historical Dictionary of War Journalism. Westport, CT: Greenwood Publishing Group, 1997.
Schaller, Michael. Douglas MacArthur: The Far Eastern General. New York: Oxford University Press, 1989.
Sorel, Nancy Caldwell. The Women Who Wrote the War. New York: Harper Perennial, 2000.
Stanford University, Division of Journalism. Melville Jacoby: 1916–1942 (memorial pamphlet). Palo Alto, CA: Stanford University, 1942.
Time, Life, and Fortune, correspondents of. Dec. 7: The First Thirty Hours. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1942.
Tolley, Kemp. “Target: Corregidor.” World War II Journal 5, ed. Ray Merriam. Bennington, VT: Merriam Press, 1999.
Tong, Hollington K. Dateline: China; The Beginning of China’s Press Relations with the World. New York: Rockport Press, 1950.
Tsang, Kuo-Jen. “China’s Propaganda in the United States During World War II.” Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Association for Education in Journalism and Mass Communication, 1984.
U.S. Department of War. “FM 30-26.” In Regulations for Correspondents Accompanying U.S. Army Forces in the Field. Washington, D.C.: U.S. War Department, January 21, 1942.
———. World War II: A Chronology, March 1942. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of War, Military Intelligence Division.
Volz, Yong Z. “China’s Image Management Abroad, 1920s–1940s: Origin, Justification, and Institutionalization.” In Soft Power in China: Public Diplomacy Through Communication, ed. Jian Wang, pp. 157–79. New York: Palgrave MacMillan.
Wakeman, Frederic, Jr. Spymaster: Dai Li and the Chinese Secret Service. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2003.
Wei, Shuge. “News as a Weapon: Hollington Tong and the Formation of the Guomindang Centralized Foreign Propaganda System, 1937–1938.” Twentieth-Century China 39, no. 2 (May 2014): 118–43.
White, Theodore H. In Search of History: A Personal Adventure. New York: Warner Books, 1978.
Wilbur, Ray Lyman. “Our Pacific Destiny.” Pacific Historical Review 10, no. 2 (June 1941): 153–63.
Williams, Gregory Paul. The Story of Hollywood: An Illustrated History. Los Angeles: BL Press LLC, 2005.
Willoughby, Amea. I Was on Corregidor: Experiences of an American Official’s Wife in the War-Torn Philippines. New York: Harper & Bros., 1943.
Xing, Yi. “China’s Panda Diplomacy: The Power of Being Cute.” Graduate thesis, University of Southern California, Department of East Asian Studies, 2010.
Young, Donald J. The Battle of Bataan: A Complete History. 2nd ed. Jefferson, NC: McFarland & Co., 2009.
Yu, Maochun. OSS in China: Prelude to Cold War. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1997.
———. The Dragon’s War: Allied Operations and the Fate of China, 1937–1945. Annapolis, MD: Naval Institute Press, 2003.

Australian War Memorial, https://www.awm.gov.au/.
“Batchelor Airfield,” at Wikipedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Batchelor_Airfield (last updated September 4, 2015; accessed November 22, 2015).
Chenoweth, Doral, Jr., -30-: 54 War Correspondents K.I.A., WWII: A Gripping Account of War Journalism 1940–1945, now available at: http://www.54warcorrespondents-kia-30-ww2.com/ (2003).
Corregidor—Then and Now, 503d PRCT Heritage Battalion, “The Fall of the Philippines/The Battle of Manila” (web forum), http://corregidor.proboards.com/.
General Carlos P. Romulo, http://carlospromulo.org/ (Carlos P. Romulo Foundation, Makati City, the Philippines).
Halstead, Dirck, “Remembering Carl Mydans,” The Digital Journalist, September 2004, http://digitaljournalist.org/issue0409/halstead.html (accessed November 22, 2015).
HyperWar: A Hypertext History of the Second World War, http://www.ibiblio.org/hyperwar/ (2011; managed by Patrick Clancy and Larry Jewell).
Lava Development, LLC, World War II Database, http://ww2db.com/ (2004–2015; managed by C. Peter Chen).
Pacific War Online Encyclopedia, http://pwencycl.kgbudge.com/ (2013; managed by Kent G. Budge).
U.S. Air Force, “Major Winton Ralph Close” (biography), http://www.af.mil/AboutUs/Biographies/Display/tabid/225/Article/107411/major-general-winton-ralph-close.aspx (accessed October 31, 2015).
U.S. Army Pacific, “Lt. Gen. Robert C. Richardson, Jr.” (biography), http://www.usarpac.army.mil/history2/cg_richardson.asp.
U.S. Library of Congress, Geography and Map Division, “Macau: A Selection of Cartographic Images,” American Memory/Map Collections/Cultural Landscapes, http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/gmdhtml/macau/macau.html.
U.S. Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division, “Women Come to the Front: Journalists, Photographers, and Broadcasters During World War II,” http://www.loc.gov/exhibits/wcf/wcf0001.html (July 27, 2010).
Weidenburner, Carl Warren, China-Burma-India: Remembering the Forgotten Theater of World War II, http://www.cbi-theater.com/ (2003–2015).

Harvard University Archives, Cambridge, MA

Theodore Harold White Papers, HUM 1.10, 1922–1986

Lewis and Clark University, Watzek Library, Special Collections, Portland, OR

Hugh Deane Collection

Margaret Herrick Library, Special Collections, Beverly Hills, CA

Louella Parsons Scrapbooks and Photographs

Sidney Skolsky Papers

National Archives, College Park, MD

“General Correspondence Files Relating to Civilian Employees, 1941–1955,” Records of the Adjutant General’s Office, 1917– [AGO], RG 407
“Motion Picture Films from the ‘Combat Subjects’ Program,” Records of Army Air Forces, RG 18
“Records Relating to War Support Services, 1941–1947,” Records of the Adjutant General’s Office, 1917– [AGO], RG 407
“USN Deck Logs,” Records of the Bureau of Naval Personnel, 1798–2007, RG 24

Stanford University, Hoover Institution Archives, Stanford, CA

Jack Belden Papers
Claire Lee Chennault Papers
Lauchlin Bernard Currie Papers, 1941–1943
Randall Chase Gould Papers
Stanley Kuhl Hornbeck Papers
Suzanne Norman Malloch Papers
Roger Mansell Collection
Charlotte Ellen Martin Papers, 1942–1982
Laurence E. Salisbury Papers
A. T. Steele Papers
Karl H. Von Wiegand Papers
Nym Wales Papers
Charles Andrew Willoughby Papers

Stanford University Libraries, Department of Special Collections, Stanford, CA

Estate of Carl Mydans Photography Collection, MSS PHOTO 243

University of California, Ethnic Studies Library, Berkeley, CA

Charles Leong Papers, 1932–1972

University of California, Special Collections and Archives, San Diego, CA

Frank Tillman Durdin Papers, MSS 95

University of Oregon, Knight Library, East Asian Collection, Eugene, OR

Charles E. Stuart Papers

Yale University, Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library, Yale Collection of American Literature, New Haven, CT

Carl and Shelley Smith Mydans Papers

U.S. Department of State, General Records, Washington, D.C.

“Death in Australia of Melville J. Jacoby, American Citizen,” 347.113 Briscoe Estate Benjamin — 347.113 Perry, RG 59

U.S. Library of Congress, Manuscript Division, Washington, D.C.

Cordell Hull Papers
Owen Lattimore Papers
Clare Boothe Luce Papers
Henry Robinson Luce Papers
Francis B. Sayres Papers

U.S. Library of Congress, Recorded Sound Reference Center, Washington, D.C.

National Broadcasting Company History Files

Miscellaneous

Filipinas Heritage Library, Ayala Museum, Makati City, the Philippines
Lingnan University Archives, Lingnan University, Hong Kong

Argus, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
ASIA, New York
Douglas Airview, Santa Monica, CA
Financial Times, London
The Guardian, London
Liberty, New York
Life, New York
Los Angeles Examiner, Los Angeles
Los Angeles Times, Los Angeles
Manila Bulletin, Manila, the Philippines
March of Time (radio program), New York
Newsweek, New York
New York Times, New York
Pacific Affairs, New York
PM, New York
San Francisco Chronicle, San Francisco
San Francisco Examiner, San Francisco
Sanibel-Captiva Islander, Captiva, FL
Saturday Evening Post, Philadelphia
Stanford, Stanford, CA
Stanford Alumni Review, Stanford, CA
Stanford Daily, Stanford, CA
Time, New York
Washington Post, Washington, D.C.

Key to Abbreviations:

AWJF – Annalee Whitmore Jacoby Fadiman
CKY – Chan Ka Yik
DH – David Hulburd
ESM – Elza Stern Meyberg
HRL – Henry Robinson Luce
JH – John Hersey
MJ – Melville J. Jacoby
MM – Manfred Meyberg
THW – Theodore H. White

Prologue

4    “There were no other ships”: Melville Jacoby, “In the Air Somewhere in Australia” (cable to David Hulburd), April 4, 1942, p. 4.
5   Bombed and sabotaged vessels: Charles Dana Gibson and E. Kay Gibson, Over Seas: U.S. Army Maritime Operations, 1898 Through the Fall of the Philippines (Camden, ME: Ensign Press, 2002), p. 227.
7    “The last two weeks in Manila”: Annalee Whitmore Jacoby Fadiman, letter to Elza Stern Meyberg and Manfred Meyberg, April 10, 1942, Melbourne, Australia.

Chapter 1: “Why Should I Contribute a Little More Trash?”

14    Louis Loss Burns and Harry Revier: Mary Mallory, “A Little Barn Started It All,” Hollywood Heritage Inc. (Los Angeles) 32, no. 3 (Fall 2013).
14    The film was a success: Ibid.
14     In 1889 Stern moved: The Stern family history comes from numerous interviews with Peggy Cole and other descendants of Jacob Stern. Additional information comes from Gregory Paul Williams, The Story of Hollywood: An Illustrated History (Los Angeles: BL Press LLC, 2005).
15    The epidemic … killed: Molly Billings, “The Influenza Pandemic of 1918,” June 1997 (modified 2005), http://virus.stanford.edu/uda/ (accessed August 26, 2014).
15   “As young as [Mel] was”: E. Meyberg, letter to John Hersey, March 31, 1942, Bel Air, CA, p. 1.
15    “My chief difficulty”: Ibid., p. 3
16    “God’s under that water”: Ibid., p. 2
17    “I still remember”: Ibid., p. 4.
18   traits that later prompted: Ta Kung Pao, as translated in C. L. Hsia, Director, Chinese News Service, Inc., letter to Elza and Manfred Meyberg, May 18, 1942.
19    “Mel was tall, dark”: Clark Lee, They Call It Pacific: An Eye-Witness Story of Our War Against Japan from Bataan to the Solomons (New York: Viking Press, 1943), p. 125.
XX    “I’m nuts about”: M. Jacoby, letter to E. Meyberg and M. Meyberg, October 6, 1934.
XX    “because he always wanted”: Winton Ralph Close, letter to E. Meyberg, October 28, 1942, New Orleans, LA, p. 2.
XX    “embodied in factories”: M. Jacoby, "My Private Utopia," classroom assignment, March 11, 1935, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, p. 5
XX    “Well, I’ve started being”: M. Jacoby, letter to E. Meyberg, October 6, 1934.
XX    Mel was happy to check: M. Jacoby, letters to E. Meyberg and M. Meyberg, July 27, 1936, Florence, Italy, and August 3, 1936, Nice, France.
XX    “The clatter of wooden shoes”: M. Jacoby to E. Meyberg and M. Meyberg, December 5, 1936, Canton (Guangzhou), China, p. 1.
XX    “I tried to take them”: George T. M. Ching, interview with the author, August 27, 2012, Alhambra, CA.
XX    “Roommate and a Chinese friend”: M. Jacoby, letter to E. and M. Meyberg, February 18, 1937, Canton (Guangzhou), China, p. 2.
XX    “For most of the American students”: Hugh Deane, “Memories of Lingnan, Notes on Chung Shan,” China and U.S. (U.S. China Peoples Friendship Association) 2, no. 5 (November–December 1973): 4.
XX    “see it before the Japanese”: M. Jacoby to E. and M. Meyberg, December 5, 1936, Canton (Guangzhou), China, p. 1.
XX    Though it began with 100,000: History.com, “This Day in History: October 20, 1935: Mao’s Long March Concludes,” A&E Networks, http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/maos-long-march-concludes (accessed October 12, 2015).
XX    After reaching Yenan: Rana Mitter, Forgotten Ally: China’s World War II, 1937–1945 (New York: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2013), p. 70.
XX    devised a scheme: Ibid., pp. 71–73.
XX    “News flash, twenty hours old”: M. Jacoby, letter to E. Meyberg, December 13, 1936, Canton (Guangzhou), China, p. 4
XX    “Everyone says she is”: M. Jacoby, letter to E. and M. Meyberg, May 19, 1937, Canton (Guangzhou), China, p. 1.
XX    “When we stepped”: M. Jacoby, letter to E. and M. Meyberg, February 11, 1936, Canton (Guangzhou), China, p. 6
XX    “Quite an army”: Ibid.
XX    “He talked about [Mel] often”: Emmy Ma, telephone conversation with the author, August 8, 2011.
XX    “It is an incentive to make”: M. Jacoby, letter to E. and M. Meyberg, April 25, 1937, Canton (Guangzhou), China, p. 2.
XX    Mel later wrote in an essay: M. Jacoby, “4 Jacoby 25” (essay), Stanford University, 1938, Stanford, CA.
XX    “Roommate Chan danced”: M. Jacoby, letter to [Elza and Manfred Meyberg], April 25, 1937, Canton (Guangzhou), China, p. 2.
XX    “I have kept in mind the one point”: M. Jacoby, letter to Elza and M. Meyberg, May 20, 1937, Canton (Guangzhou), China, p. 1.
XX    “I rather disliked leaving”: M. Jacoby, letter to Emma Meyberg and Family, June 26, 1937, on board the SS Szechuan.
XX    “Wow, I wish:” M. Jacoby, letter begining "Dear Family," July 6, 1937, written aboard a train en route Sian (Xi'an) from Nanking (Nanjing), China, p. 3.
XX    “[Sian] is entirely different”: M. Jacoby, letter beginning "Hello Again," July 8, 1937, Sian (Xi'an), China, p. 1.
XX    “After trying to fathom”: Ibid., p. 4.
XX    The question then became whether: Mitter, Forgotten Ally, pp. 80–81.
XX    “If it were just [Peiping]”: Ibid., p. 81
XX    “To return to a war”: Ibid., p. 83
XX    “Anti-foreign feeling”: M. Jacoby, letter to Elza and Manfred Meyberg, July 10, 1937, enroute Taiyuan, p. 2
XX    Japan did make a few: Mitter, Forgotten Ally, p. 89.
XX    “All we did find out”: M. Jacoby, letter to Elza and Manfred Meyberg, July 12, 1937, Yuanping, China.
XX    “mud village with a bus station”: Ibid.
XX    “Feel we had better get”: M. Jacoby, letter to Elza and Manfred Meyberg, July 13, 1937, Kalgan (Zhangjiakou), China, p. 2

Chapter 2: “The Itch Is Perpetual”

XX    “exciting as it sounds”: M. Jacoby, letter to Elza and Manfred Meyberg, July 16, 1937, Peiping (Beijing), China, p. 1
XX    Hull acknowledged the violence: Cordell Hull, telegram to Grace Caulfield, July 21 1937, 11:19 a.m., Washington, D.C.
XX    “Home papers must be full”: M. Jacoby, letter to Elza Meyberg, July 23, 1937, en route to Mukden (Shenyang) via Tientsin (Tianjin), China.
XX    Local leaders on each side”: Mitter, Forgotten Ally, p. 85.
XX    “I am convinced that China”: M. Jacoby, letter to Elza and Manfred Meyberg, July 16, 1937, Peiping (Beijing), China., p. 2
XX    "The Japanese are rotters": Ibid., p. 2.
XX    “I would like to attach myself”: M. Jacoby, letter to Elza and Manfred Meyberg, July 18, 1937, Peiping (Beijing), China, p. 1.
XX    “They have the guts”: M. Jacoby, letter to Elza and Manfred Meyberg, letter to Elza and Manfred Meyberg, July 16, 1937, Peiping (Beijing), China, p. 2.
XX    “as preposterous”: M. Jacoby, letter to Elza and Manfred Meyberg, July 18, 1937, Peiping (Beijing), China, p. 1.
XX    “They are pouring them”: M. Jacoby, letter to Elza and Manfred Meyberg, July 25, 1937, enroute Myajima, Japan, p. 1.
XX    “The few other foreign passengers”: Ibid.
XX    “Propaganda is scattered”: M. Jacoby, "Inside China," Stanford Daily 92, no. 7, (October 5, 1937), p. 4.
XX    Keller had been in Asia: “Helen Keller: Her First Visit to Japan in 1937,” Topics on Deaf Japan, September 26, 2013, http://deafjapan.blogspot.com/2013/09/helen-keller-her-first-visit-to-japan.html (accessed April 17, 2015).
XX    “Discussing the Japanese people”: “Student Meets Helen Keller in Mid-Pacific,” Stanford Daily 92, no. 3 (September 29, 1937), p. 3.
XX    “The itch is perpetual”: M. Jacoby, classroom assignment titled "4 Jacoby 25," Fall 1937, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, p. 3.
XX    “The air raid in Canton”: Chan Ka Yik, letter to M. Jacoby, November 15, 1937, Canton (Guangzhou), China, p. 1.
XX    “You Americans”: Leîtao, Marie, letter to M. Jacoby, Oct. 4, 1937, Macau, p. 1.
XX    “Life as an exchange student”: M. Jacoby, "Inside China," Stanford Daily 92, no. 4 (September 30, 1937), p. 4.
XX    “Personally, I hate”: M. Jacoby, “Assignment 24” (classroom assignment), October 1937, Stanford University, Stanford, CA., p. 2
XX    But even his parents’ help: Ibid.
XX    But despite a full-page blitz: “Looking at Stanford Through the Eyes of Foreign Students,” Stanford Daily, February 14, 1938, p. 2.
XX    Creative (or desperate) solutions: Ibid.
XX    “Mel, you are the best”: Chan Ka Yik, letter to M. Jacoby, March 16, 1938, Canton (Guangzhou), China, p. 1.
XX    struggling to get by on $10: M. Jacoby, letter to Elza Meyberg, October 1937 (date unknown), Stanford, CA, p. 2.
XX    they examined coverage: Melville J. Jacoby and Charles L. Leong, An Analysis of Far Eastern News in Representative California Newspapers: 1934–38 (master’s thesis), Stanford University, Division of Journalism, Stanford, CA, September 1939.
XX    “He is a photographer”: M. Jacoby, letter to Elza and Manfred Meyberg, Fall 1938 (“Monday p.m.,” date unknown).
XX    “Perhaps I have the wrong”: M. Jacoby, letter to Elza and Manfred Meyberg, June 19, 1939, Palo Alto, CA, p. 1. 
XX    “Cannery work has done me”: M. Jacoby, letter to Elza and Manfred Meyberg, Aug. 24, 1939, Palo Alto, CA, p. 1.
XX    “Not one asked about the background”: M. Jacoby and Leong, An Analysis of Far Eastern News, p. 281.
XX    Its highly touted features included: Golden Gate International Exhibition, Official Guidebook (San Francisco: Crocker Company, 1939).    
XX    “It means that when I land”: M. Jacoby, letter to Elza Meyberg, September 1939 (“Monday Evening,” date unknown), San Francisco, CA.
XX    “Still looks like no war”: M. Jacoby, letter to Elza and Manfred Meyberg, August 31, 1939, Palo Alto, CA, p. 1.
XX    “World conditions point”: M. Jacoby, letter to Elza Meyberg, October 1939 (“Thursday Evening,” date unknown), San Francisco, CA, p. 1.
XX    “But if you aren’t British”: M. Jacoby, “Shanghai Is” (unpublished column), December 1939, Shanghai, China.
XX    “I hate to see the beggars”: M. Jacoby, letter to E. Meyberg, December 7, 1939, Shanghai, China.
XX    Between 20,000 and 300,000: Kate Merkel-Hess and Jeffrey N. Wasserstrom, “Nanjing by the Numbers,” Foreign Policy, February 9, 2010, http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2010/02/09/nanjing_by_the_numbers (accessed May 14, 2013).
XX    Wang’s underlings set up: John B. Powell, My Twenty-Five Years in China (New York: MacMillan Company, 1945), p. 335.
XX    “Things went from bad to worse”: Paul French, Through the Looking Glass: China’s Foreign Journalists from Opium Wars to Mao (Hong Kong: Hong Kong University Press, 2009), Kindle Ebook location 4210.
XX    “The gunmen still get”: M. Jacoby, letter to Elza Meyberg and Manfred Meyberg, November 22, 1939, Shanghai, China.
XX    He also spent considerable time: M. Jacoby, letter to Elza Meyberg and Manfred Meyberg, November 22, 1939, Shanghai, China.
XX    Aside from Abend and Gould: Stephen R. MacKinnon and Oris Friesen, China Reporting: An Oral History of American Journalism in the 1930s and 1940s (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1987), p. 25.
XX    “It’s rather interesting”: M. Jacoby, letter to Elza and Manfred Meyberg, November 19, 1939, Shanghai, China, p. 1.
XX    Mel did publish: M. Jacoby, (writing as “Mel Jack”), “Jews in Exile,” Los Angeles Times, January 14, 1940, p. 17.
XX    “It looks hopeless”: M. Jacoby, letter to E. Meyberg and M. Meyberg, December 2, 1939, Shanghai, China, p. 1.
XX    “That’s just the place”: M. Jacoby, letter to E. Meyberg and M. Meyberg, Nov. 11, 1939, Shanghai, China., p. 1.
XX    “All seem quite anxious”: M. Jacoby, letter to E. Meyberg and M. Meyberg, Nov. 22, 1939, Shanghai, China, p. 2.
XX    “I am more than glad”: M. Jacoby, letter to E. Meyberg and M. Meyberg, December 10, 1939, SS Tjinegera, en route to Hong Kong, p. 1.

Chapter 3: The Voice of China

XX    “Japanese domination”: M. Jacoby, letter to E. Meyberg and M. Meyberg, December 10, 1939, SS Tjinegra, en route to Hong Kong, p. 1.
XX    Leaf, who was also: Earl H. Leaf, “Behind Chinese Lines,” in Eye Witness, by members of the Overseas Press Club of America, ed. Robert Spiers Benjamin (New York: Alliance Book Corp., 1940), p. 132.
XX    “No one up here knows”: M. Jacoby, letter to E. Meyberg and M. Meyberg, January 7, 1940, Chungking (Chongqing), China, p. 2.
XX    He even was a ghostwriter: M. Jacoby, letter to E. Meyberg and M. Meyberg, December 31, 1939, Chungking (Chongqing), China.
XX    “So when certain”: Ibid. (emphasis in the original).
XX    “No one here knows”: M. Jacoby, letter to E. Meyberg and M. Meyberg, January 7, 1940, Chungking (Chongqing), China, p. 2.
XX    “the 20th Century caught up”: M. Jacoby, “Unheavenly City” (unpublished article draft), Summer 1941, Chungking (Chongqing), China.
XX    “Moving the entire government”: Mitter, Forgotten Ally, p. 174.
XX    “most raided city”: M. Jacoby (writing as “Mel Jacks”), “China’s ‘Most Raided City,’” This World (San Francisco Chronicle Sunday magazine), September 8, 1940, p. 11.
XX    “often used for the wrong”: M. Jacoby, letter to E. Meyberg and M. Meyberg, December 31, 1939, Chungking (Chongqing), China, p. 3
XX    “Chungking is probably”: M. Jacoby, “Unheavenly City” (unpublished article draft), Summer 1941, Chungking (Chongqing), China.
XX    “evil and new”: Carl Mydans, More Than Meets the Eye (New York: Harper & Bros., 1959; reprint, Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1974), p. 40.
XX    “Few foreigners desert”: M. Jacoby, "Unheavenly City," p. 2.
XX    “If you are a correspondent”: Ibid, p. 7.
XX    “Put on a pretty good feed”: M. Jacoby, letter to E. Meyberg and M. Meyberg, March 11, 1940, Chungking (Chongqing), China.
XX    “Those days in Chungking”: Theodore H. White, letter to Peggy and Tillman Durdin, August 30, 1955, Frank Tillman Durdin Papers, MSS 95, Special Collections and Archives, University of California at San Diego.
XX    They were, as the author: Peter Rand, China Hands (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1995), p. 195.
XX    “I don’t know how, if ever”: White, letter to Peggy and Tillman Durdin, August 30, 1955.
XX    “like suction cups plopping”: M. Jacoby, "Monsieur Big-Hat (or) Chungking Interlude," unpublished short story, summer, 1940, Chungking (Chongqing), China, p. 5.
XX    “You get to know Chinese officials”: M. Jacoby, "Unheavenly City," p. 7.
XX    “Someone said for”: M. Jacoby, letter to E. Meyberg and M. Meyberg, April 7, 1940, Chungking (Chongqing), China.
XX    “Thank you, NBC”: NBC radio broadcast, April 17, 1940.
XX    “Quite a speech”: M. Jacoby, letter to E. Meyberg and M. Meyberg, May 11, 1940, Chungking (Chongqing), China.
XX    “Not the easiest capital”: M. Jacoby, cable to David Hulburd, June 17, 1941, Chungking (Chongqing), China, p. 1.
XX    “When you are climbing”: M. Jacoby, “Unheavenly City,” p. 3.
XX    “The field is rocky”: M. Jacoby, letter to E. Meyberg and M. Meyberg, December 31, 1939, Chungking (Chongqing), China, p. 3.
XX    “See, I am earning”: M. Jacoby, letter to E. Meyberg and M. Meyberg, April 22, 1940, Chungking (Chongqing), China, p. 1.
XX    “On the other hand”: Ibid, p. 3.
XX    She’d censored it heavily: M. Jacoby, “China’s First Lady” (prepublication article draft), May 4, 1940, Chungking (Chongqing), China.
XX    “Very charming lady”: Ibid.
XX    “Haven’t done a doggone”: M. Jacoby, letter to E. Meyberg and M. Meyberg, April 28, 1940, Chungking (Chongqing), China, p. 1.
XX    “The atmosphere between”: John Oakie, letter to M. Jacoby, April 11, 1940, San Francisco, CA, p. 2.
XX    “I realize that would worry you”: M. Jacoby, letter to E. Meyberg and M. Meyberg, June 25, 1940, Chungking (Chongqing), China, p. 2.
XX    “Learning to bum cigarettes”: M. Jacoby, “Unheavenly City,” p. 8.
XX    “You damn a government bureau”: Ibid, p. 5.

Chapter 4: The Haiphong Incident

XX    “I hope America realizes”: M. Jacoby, letter to E. Meyberg and M. Meyberg, June 25, 1940, Chungking (Chongqing), China, p. 2.
XX    “As you can imagine”: M. Jacoby, letter to E. Meyberg and M. Meyberg, July 3, 1940, Chungking (Chongqing), China, p. 2.
XX    “Damn these politics”: M. Jacoby, letter to E. Meyberg and M. Meyberg, July 12, 1940, Chungking (Chongqing), China, p. 1.
XX    “I feel that your initiative”: Hollington K. Tong, “Ref. No. 838” (letter to M. Jacoby), July 15, 1940, Chungking (Chongqing), China.
XX    “You should have seen me walk”: M. Jacoby, letter to E. Meyberg and M. Meyberg, August 13, 1940, Kunming, China, p. 1.
XX    “It was quite exciting”: M. Jacoby, letter to E. Meyberg and M. Meyberg, August 29, 1940, Hanoi, French Indochina (Vietnam). 
XX    “The French have given”: M. Jacoby as collated by A. Jacoby, "Notes on Indo-China," typewritten copy of handwritten summaries collected fall, 1940, p. 2.
XX    “Anyhow, here I am”: M. Jacoby, letter to “Dear family,” September 13, 1940, Hanoi, French Indochina (Vietnam).
XX    a wire from the United Press: Ibid.
XXX    They’d liked his earlier reporting: Robert Bellaire, letter to M. Jacoby, September 11, 1940, Shanghai, China.
XXX    “Just a lot of luck”: M. Jacoby, letter to “Dear family,” September 13, 1940, Hanoi, French Indochina (Vietnam).
XXX    “In one way or another”: M. Jacoby, letter to Bellaire, October 9, 1940, Hanoi, French Indochina (Vietnam), p. 2.
XXX    Bellaire had thought: Bellaire, letter to M. Jacoby, September 11, 1940.
XXX    “foreign correspondent, ahem”: M. Jacoby quoted in Shirlee Austerland, "Tues," letter to Elza Meyberg, Fall, 1940 (specific date unavailable), San Francisco, CA.
XXX    “Sometimes that takes a lot”: M. Jacoby, letter to Bellaire, October 9, 1940, p. 2.
XXX    “From the Manila broadcasts:” Ibid, p. 3.
XXX    “Then I opened my eyes”: M. Jacoby, letter to “Dear family,” September 24, 1940, Hanoi, French Indochina (Vietnam), p. 1.
XXX    “Getting a few years”: Ibid.
XXX    “Getting news means”: Ibid.
XXX    She even sent a telegram: Austerland, telegram to M. Jacoby, October 28, 1940, San Francisco, CA.
XXX    “Though the pay”: M. Jacoby, letter to “Dear Family,” October 8, 1940, Hanoi, French Indochina (Vietnam).
XXX    “frantically querying”: M. Jacoby, telegram to United Press Shanghai office, October 2, 1940, Hanoi, French Indochina (Vietnam).
XXX    “If there are chances”: M. Jacoby, letter to Bellaire, October 9, 1940, p. 1.
XXX    “I have been told”: M. Jacoby, letter to Bellaire, November 1, 1940, Hanoi, French Indochina (Vietnam), p. 1.
XXX    The situation became so bad: M. Jacoby, letter to Charles S. Reed, November 12, 1940, Hanoi, French Indochina (Vietnam), p. 1.
XXX    A U.S. flag still flew: French officials stopped his cable: Mel Jacoby, cable draft 128, translated from French, November 21, 1940, Haiphong, French Indochina (Vietnam).
XXX    “The French police”: M. Jacoby, letter to Charles S. Reed, November 21, 1940, Hanoi, French Indochina (Vietnam).
XXX    Another writer later recounted: Alice-Leone Moats, Blind Date with Mars (Garden City, NY: Doubleday, Doran and Co., 1943), p. 73.
XXX    “Four days later”: Joseph Grew, State Department bulletin 1700, November 26, 1940, as reprinted at Foreign Relations of the United States, Papers Relating to the Foreign Relations of the United States, Japan: 1931–1941, p. 704, University of Wisconsin–Madison Libraries, Digital Collections (UWMDC), http://digicoll.library.wisc.edu/cgi-bin/FRUS/FRUS-idx?type=turn&entity=FRUS.FRUS193141v01.p0800&id=FRUS.FRUS193141v01&isize=text (accessed October 28, 2015).
XXX     After being detained: M. Jacoby, letter to E. Meyberg and M. Meyberg, November 22, 1940, Hanoi, French Indochina (Vietnam), p. 2.
XXX    “By that time”: Moats, Blind Date with Mars, p. 73.
XXX    “dismal, grimy place”: Ibid.
XXX    “stiffling [sic] atmosphere”: M. Jacoby, letter to “Dear Family,” January 7, 1940, aboard the HMS Troilus en route to Manila, the Philippines, p. 1.
XXX    In Laos, he was struck: M. Jacoby, “Merry Christmas” letter, December 14, 1940, Saigon, French Indochina (Vietnam), p. 1.
XXX    Consul Reed reported: “The Consul at Hanoi (Reed) to the Secretary of State,” as reprinted at United States Department of State, Foreign Relations of the United States Diplomatic Papers, 1940 (The Far East), UWMDC, http://digicoll.library.wisc.edu/cgi-bin/FRUS/FRUS-idx?type=turn&entity=FRUS.FRUS1940v04.p0251&id=FRUS.FRUS1940v04&isize=M&q1=jacoby, p. 243.
XXX    “ruined his humor”: M. Jacoby, "Merry Christmas" letter, p. 1.
XXX    Mel took tea: Jacoby, letter to “Dear Family,” January 7, 1940.
XXX    “We thought of having a showdown”: Maurice Votaw, letter to M. Jacoby, January 4, 1941, Chungking (Chongqing), China.
XXX    “He is extremely modest”: Chilton R. Bush, letter to Elza Meyberg, January 25, 1941, Stanford, CA.
XXX    “there are a thousand and one things”: M. Jacoby, letter to E. Meyberg, January 7, 1941, p. 2
XXX    “I gave up a chance”: M. Jacoby, letter to E. Meyberg, January 16, 1941, Manila, The Philippines, p. 1.
XXX    This letter, as Mel indicated: M. Jacoby, letter to E. Meyberg, January 8, 1941, en route to Manila, the Philippines.

Chapter 5: A True Hollywood Story

XXX    Shippey wrote that: Lee Shippey, “Lee Side o’ L.A.: Direct from Indo-China,” Los Angeles Times, February 22, 1941.
XXX    “I thought that I would”: M. Jacoby, letter to Mary White, February 17, 1941, Los Angeles, CA.
XXX    Leland had been: Anna Liakas, “War Correspondent and Author Spends Last Days on Captiva,” Sanibel-Captiva Islander (Captiva, FL), February 22, 2002.
XXX    Then, in 1934: “Whitmore; Ex-Housing Official in So. Cal Dies,” clipping from unknown publication, October 1942.
XXX    For a while she even: Lloyd Shearer “Will the real Robert Mcnamara Please Stand Up,” Parade magazine, March 5, 1967.
XXX    “Eyes closed, expression”: Annalee Whitmore, “Mischa Elman Gets Concert Series Ovation,” Stanford Daily 84, no. 22 (November 2, 1933), p. 1.
XXX    “Annalee ‘New Theater’”: Irv Jorgi, “Greek Gals Get Cash to Clinch Royal Rat Race,” Stanford Daily 87, no. 21 (April 10, 1935).
XXX    “Why do supposedly intelligent”: A. Whitmore, "Fair Sex Lacking in Grid 'Savoir Faire'," Stanford Daily 88, no. 44 (November 22, 1935), p. 10.
XXX    “netted a dark green”: “Co-eds Cut Capers in Cute Campus Clothes,” Stanford Daily 91, no. 19 (February 26, 1937), p. 6.
XXX    Shelley Mydans wrote: Shelley Mydans, “Book-of-Month Author,” Stanford Alumni Review (December, 1946), p. 11.
XXX    “Extracurricular work on”: “Poppa Time Swings Around Another Cycle as the Daily Toddles On,” Stanford Daily 89, no. 62 (May 27, 1936), p. 4.
XXX    “used to being the first”: Anne Fadiman, conversation with the author, January 4, 2013. 
XXX    “In spite of her quick”: Mydans, “Book-of-Month Author,” p. 12.
XXX    “Travelers in the Middle West”: Annalee Whitmore, “Viewing the News: Midwest Dust Storms—Pettengill,” Stanford Daily 87, no. 24 (April 15, 1935), p. 2.
XXX    No doubt Burgess: Chilton Bush, letter to Elza Meyberg, December 30, 1943.
XXX    “journalist through and through”: Anne Fadiman, conversation with the author, January 4, 2013
XXX    A job anywhere: “Stanford ‘Kids’ Write Scenario: ‘Andy Hardy Meets Debutante,’” Stanford Daily, July 7, 1940, p. 4.
XXX    “Annalee didn’t know”: Sidney Skolsky, “Hollywords and Picturegraphs,” Syndicated Column, April 24, 1942.
XXX    This shorthand was so cryptic: Mydans, “Book-of-Month Author,” p. 11.
XXX    “She did it good enough”: Skolsky, “Hollywords and Picturegraphs.”
XXX    “When I talk about odds”: “Stanford ‘Kids’ Write Scenario,” p. 4.
XXX    At one point, Fitzgerald: Anne F. Fadiman, conversation with the author, July 31, 2014.
XXX    “never let anyone forget that”: “Stanford ‘Kids’ Write Scenario,” p. 4.
XXX    “I couldn’t help but learn”: Ibid.
XXX    At Stanford, Seller: “Prize Winning Play Will Be Read by Masquer’s,” Stanford Daily, November 6, 1934.
XXX    “Their names are on the screen”: “Stanford ‘Kids’ Write Scenario,” p. 4.
XXX    “Daphne, the ‘deb,’ he decides”: Bosley Crowther, “Movie Review: Andy Hardy Meets Debutante (1940),” New York Times, August 2, 1940.
XXX    “Annalee Whitmore is”: Skolsky, “Hollywords and Picturegraphs.”
XXX    “She was at heart”: Michael Churchill, “Bull Session: Honeymoon on Corregidor,” Stanford Daily, February 3, 1942.
XXX    “She found the prospect”: Nancy Caldwell Sorel, The Women Who Wrote the War (New York: Harper Perennial, 2000), p. 141.
XXX    In school, he and Mel’s: A. Whitmore Jacoby Fadiman, “Dear Mother and Dad #2,” letter to Elza and Manfred Meyberg, Fall 1942.

Chapter 6: “I’ll Be Careful”

XXX    “For they are the largest”: Henry R. Luce, speech at United China Relief dinner, March 26, 1941, Waldorf-Astoria Hotel, New York, NY.
XXX    “Yesterday they were”: M. Jacoby, letter to E. Meyberg and M. Meyberg, March 2, 1941, New York, NY, p. 1.
XXX    “Everyone in Washington knows”: M. Jacoby, letter to E. Meyberg and M. Meyberg, March 12, 1941, New York, NY, p. 3.
XXX    “Not so bad”: M. Jacoby, letter to E. Meyberg and M. Meyberg, March 20, 1941, New York, NY, p. 1.
XXX    The network would pay him: M. Jacoby, letter to E. Meyberg and M. Meyberg, March 29, 1941, New York, NY.
XXX    “I took it instead”: Ibid.
XXX    Asking his constituents: “Mrs. Nicholson Sends News of Baltimore ‘China Week,’” Mount Vernon Hawk-Eye, March 6, 1941.
XXX    “So I’m a little shot”: M. Jacoby, letter to E. Meyberg and M. Meyberg, March 25, 1941, New York, NY, p. 2
XXX    “She is very pretty”: Ibid.
XXX    Lee was a daredevil: Rebecca Maksel, “China’s First Lady of Flight,” Air and Space magazine (Smithsonian Institution), Washington, D.C., July 23, 2008, http://www.airspacemag.com/history-of-flight/chinas-first-lady-of-flight-1725176/?no-ist (accessed April 18, 2015).
XXX    “Said Shirlee”: M. Jacoby, letter to Theodore H. White, March 12, 1941, New York, NY.
XXX    “For [the Chinese] are the largest”: Luce, speech at United China Relief dinner.
XXX    “State Department is”: M. Jacoby, letter to E. Meyberg and M. Meyberg, April 3, 1941, Washington, D.C., p. 1 (emphasis in original).
XXX    “He is in close touch”: Otis P. Swift, letter to Selective Service Local Board 98 Chairman, April 3, 1941, New York, NY.
XXX    “I have a hunch that it may sell”: M. Jacoby, letter to E. Meyberg and M. Meyberg, April 21, 1941, on board the SS President Taft, p. 3.
XXX    “Boat sailed at noon”: Ibid.
XXX    Aware of himself: H. R. Luce, “One Beautiful Day,” speech for United China Relief, Los Angeles, CA, April 25, 1941.
XXX    The animator agreed: H. R. Luce, telegram to Corinne Thrasher, April 27, 1941, Beverly Hills, CA.
XXX    “Thanks for everything”: M. Jacoby, letter to E. Meyberg and M. Meyberg, April 25, 1941, on board the SS President Taft, p. 3
XXX    Mel got in touch: M. Jacoby, letter to E. Meyberg and M. Meyberg, April 29, 1941, Honolulu, HI.
XXX    On April 29, the night: Ibid.
XXX    Aside from the Luces: Departure record for American Clipper NC 18606, April 28, 1941, San Francisco, CA, and April 30, 1941, Honolulu, HI.
XXX    There was also a British: Maochun Yu, The Dragon’s War: Allied Operations and the Fate of China, 1937–1945 (Annapolis, MD: Naval Institute Press, 2003).
XXX    And one woman on board: Sarah Kadosh, “Laura Margolis Jarblum: 1903–1997,” in Jewish Women: A Comprehensive Historical Encyclopedia, March 1, 2009, Jewish Women’s Archive, http://jwa.org/encyclopedia/article/jarblum-laura-margolis (accessed October 31, 2015).
XXX    “who think they own the ship”: Jacoby, M., letter to E. Meyberg and M. Meyberg, May 4, 1941, on board the American Clipper en route to Manila, p. 1.
XXX    who was secretly traveling: Phyllis Gabell, listed on the passenger manifest as a representative of the British Ministry of Economic Warfare, was also a member of the United Kingdom’s Special Operations Executive.
XXX    Eight thousand feet: M. Jacoby, letter to E. Meyberg and M. Meyberg, May 4, 1941, en route to Manila, the Philippines, p. 1.
XXX    Mel dined with Mickie Hahn: M. Jacoby, letter to E. Meyberg and M. Meyberg, May 7, 1941, Hong Kong.
XXX    It was, Mel understated: M. Jacoby, letter to E. Meyberg and M. Meyberg, May 10, 1941.
XXX    As Teddy White and: Annalee W. Jacoby and Theodore H. White, Thunder Out of China (1946; reprint, New York: William Sloane Associates, 1961), p. 76.
XXX    “The Communist-Kuomintang”: M. Jacoby, letter to David Hulburd, June 9, 1941, Chungking (Chongqing), China, p. 1.
XXX    Still, just as he had done: M. Jacoby, letter to E. Meyberg and M. Meyberg, May 10, 1941.

Chapter 7: “Nothing but Twisted Sticks”

XXX    “Fires lit the city”: M. Jacoby, cable to David Hulburd, June 7, 1941, Chungking (Chongqing), China.
XXX    The images also caused: M. M. Kornfeld, Russell Fitzpatrick, and Charles Kreiner, “Slaughter in China,” letters to the editor, Life, August 21, 1941, p. 4.
XXX    “Well, my friend, the ball”: M. Jacoby, letter to Theodore H. White, June 2, 1941, Chungking (Chongqing), China, p. 2.
XXX    “full weight of being”: M. Jacoby, letter to E. Meyberg and M. Meyberg, June 3, 1941, Chungking (Chongqing), China, p. 1.
XXX    “I must admit”: Ibid.
XXX    Indeed, Lattimore showed: M. Jacoby, “How Japan Moved into Indo-China,” Asia (May 1941), p. 228.
XXX    “U.S. is pretty active”: M. Jacoby, letter to E. Meyberg and M. Meyberg, May 28, 1941, Chungking (Chongqing), China, p. 1.
XXX    “They got the view”: M. Jacoby, letter to D. Hulburd, June 17, 1941, Chungking (Chongqing), China, p. 1.
XXX    “Now that the shelter”: M. Jacoby, cable to David Hulburd, June 17, 1941, Chungking (Chongqing), China.
XXX    “But aside from living”: M. Jacoby, letterto David Hulburd, July 12, 1941, Chungking (Chongqing), China, p. 3.
XXX    “press elsewhere in the world”: Ibid, p. 4.
XXX    “not entirely satisfied”: Ibid, p. 5.
XXX    “Correspondents take the Pirate”: M. Jacoby, letter to David Hulburd, June 9, 1941, Chungking (Chongqing), China, p. 1.
XXX    This “heckling”: Ibid, p. 2
XXX    “The streets are drab”: M. Jacoby, cable to David Hulburd, July 11, 1941, Chungking (Chongqing), China, p. 2.
XXX    “What it did gain”: Carl Mydans, entry from June 21, 1941, notebook 3 (emphasis in the original) (quoted courtesy of the Mydans family).
XXX    “My trip with Carl”: M. Jacoby, letter to E. Meyberg and M. Meyberg, July 8, 1941, Chengtu (Chengtu), China, p. 1.
XXX    “Carl spends a lot of time”: M. Jacoby, letter to E. Meyberg and M. Meyberg, August 7, 1941, Chungking (Chongqing), China, p. 1.
XXX    The trio shared: M. Jacoby, letter to E. Meyberg and M. Meyberg, August 7, 1941, Chungking (Chongqing), China, p. 2.
XXX    “The whole thing has me”: M. Jacoby, letter to E. Meyberg and M. Meyberg, July 8, 1941, Chengtu (Chengdu), China., p. 1.
XXX    “Collecting news is a big job”: M. Jacoby, letter to E. Meyberg and M. Meyberg, August 2, 1941, Chungking (Chongqing), China, p. 1.
XXX    “Of course I will try”: M. Jacoby, letter to T. White, August 24, 1941, Chungking (Chongqing), China, p. 1.
XXX    “Say hello to everybody”: M. Jacoby, letter to T. White, Sept. 19, 1941, Chungking (Chongqing), China, p. 2.
XXX    “However, I’m sure she”: M. Jacoby, letter to E. Meyberg and M. Meyberg, September 2, 1941, Chungking (Chongqing), China, p. 1.

Chapter 8: “He Types on the Desk, and I Type on the Dressing Table”

XXX    It was August: Sidney Skolsky, “Hollywords and Picturegraphs,” Syndicated Column, April 24, 1942.
XXX    “I admit we’d”: A. Jacoby Fadiman, letter to E. and M. Meyberg, November 29, 1941, Manila, the Philippines.
XXX    “Chungking was no place”: “The Press: In Line of Duty,” Time, May 11, 1942.
XXX    “a Norwegian-captained”: Norwegian National Archives voyage records listed in Siri Holm Larson, “M/S Granville,” Warsailors.com, September 21, 2011, http://www.warsailors.com/singleships/granville.html (accessed November 7, 2015).
XXX    “Passengers are about”: A. Jacoby Fadiman, letter to Thomas Seller, September 11, 1941, Manila, the Philippines.
XXX    “It takes brains”: Shelley Mydans, “Annalee Jacoby”, Book-of-the-Month Club News, p. 6.
XXX    “Maybe people are right”: A. Jacoby Fadiman, letter to Thomas Seller, September 11, 1941, Manila, the Philippines, p. 2
XXX    “more fantastic than”: Ibid, p. 1.
XXX    “Last month’s jitters”: Ibid, p. 2.
XXX    The plane ended up: Rand, China Hands, p. 216., with details corrected by Anne Fadiman, July 31, 2014.
XXX    They had finally seemed: M. Jacoby, letter to E. and M. Meyberg, September 25, 1941, Chungking, (Chongqing), China.
XXX    “Nobody eats those good crisp”: M. Jacoby, letter to T. White, September 19, 1941, Chungking, (Chongqing), China, p. 1
XXX    Much to Mel’s delight: M. Jacoby, letter to E. and M. Meyberg, September 24, 1941, Chungking (Chongqing), China, p. 1.
XXX    She said as much four decades: MacKinnon and Friesen, China Reporting, pp. 50–51.
XXX    “So far she”: M. Jacoby, letter to E. and M. Meyberg, September 24, 1941, Chungking (Chongqing), China.
XXX    Other risks included: XGOY broadcast transcript, September 26, 1941, sent from Chungking (Chongqing), China, and received at Ventura, CA.
XXX    “From obscurity to overnight”: Annalee Whitmore, broadcast script for radio station XGOY – 9638 K.C., Sept. 26, 1941, 6:30 A.M. PST
XXX    This opportunity promised: M. Jacoby, letter to E. and M. Meyberg, September 26, 1941, Chungking (Chongqing), China, p. 1.
XXX    “did all they could”: A. Jacoby, letter to E. and M. Meyberg, November 29, 1941, Manila, the Philippines.
XXX    The first time Annalee: Rand, China Hands, p. 216.
XXX    On a visit to: Carl Warren Weidenburner, Inside Wartime China (2009), an adaptation of the original 1943 edition (Chungking: Chinese Ministry of Information, December 1, 1943), available through China-Burma-India: Remembering the Forgotten Theater of World War II, at the web page http://www.cbi-theater.com/wartime/wartime.
XXX    Later she would write: A. Jacoby, letter to E. and M. Meyberg, November 29, 1941, Manila, the Philippines.
XXX    Later he’d claim that he hadn’t: M. Jacoby, letter to E. and M. Meyberg, October 6, 1941, Hong Kong, p. 1.
XXX    “I don’t want you to think”: M. Jacoby, letter to E. and M. Meyberg, November 4, 1941, Manila, the Philippines, p. 1.
XXX    “It seemed altogether different”: A. Jacoby, letter to E. and M. Meyberg, November 29, 1941, p. 2.
XXX    “Let them compliment”: M. Jacoby, letter to E. and M. Meyberg, November 4, 1941, Manila, the Philippines, p. 1.
XXX    Mel’s eleven-year-old cousin: Jackee S. Marks, “Jackie’s Poem to Melville,” October 17, 1941, Los Angeles, CA.    
XXX    Every night, it seemed: M. Jacoby, letter to E. and M. Meyberg, October 6, 1941, Hong Kong.
XXX    “A good thing you are”: Hollington K. Tong, “Ref. No. 3462” (letter to M. Jacoby), November 18, 1941, Chongqing, China.
XXX    “they really tie her down”: M. Jacoby, letter to E. and M. Meyberg, November 4, 1941, Manila, The Philippines, p. 1.
XXX    She later told Time’s: E. Meyberg, letter to John Hersey, March 28, 1942.
XXX    He didn’t find: M. Jacoby, letter to E. and M. Meyberg, October 25, 1941, Manila, the Philippines.
XXX    Manila was relatively: William J. Dunn, Pacific Microphone, Texas A&M University Military History Series 8 (College Station: Texas A&M University Press, 1988), p. 20.
XXX    “The government of President”: Ibid.
XXX    “You have to get things done”: M. Jacoby, letter to E. and M. Meyberg, October 25, 1941, Manila, the Philippines.
XXX    One of the rings: Ibid., p. 2.
XXX    “It was my only time”: Dunn, Pacific Microphone, p. 54.
XXX    Mel also had to obtain: M. Jacoby, letter to E. and M. Meyberg, November 4, 1941, Manila, the Philippines, pp. 2–3.
XXX    “I’ve been going wild again”: Jacoby, letter to E. Meyberg and M. Meyberg, November 15, 1941, p. 2M.
XXX    On November 14: Lee, They Call It Pacific, p. 1.
XXX    “tall, dark, husky, handsome”: M. Jacoby, "Manila Cable 37," to David Hulburd, Dec. 25, 1941, Manila, The Philippines.
XXX    Still, Mel was impressed: Ibid.
XXX    “I could see him”: A. Jacoby Fadiman, letter to E. and M. Meyberg, November 29, 1941, Manila, the Philippines.
XXX    “General MacArthur about”: M. Jacoby, letter to E. and M. Meyberg, November 29, 1941, Manila, the Philippines.
XXX    It didn’t matter that: A. Jacoby Fadiman, letter to E. Meyberg and M. Meyberg, November 29, 1941, Manila, the Philippines.
XXX    While on their way: Lee, They Call It Pacific, p. 29.
XXX    Annalee’s and Mel’s friends: A. Jacoby Fadiman, letter to Elza and Manfred Meyberg, November 29, 1941, Manila, the Philippines.

Chapter 9: Infamy

XXX    “We saw the boat off”: A. Jacoby Fadiman, letter to Elza and Manfred Meyberg, November 29, 1941, Manila, the Philippines, p. 3.
XXX    In a saccharine coda: “Named Pandas,” Milwaukee Journal, November 30, 1942, p. 1.
XXX    MacArthur’s press aide: LeGrande Diller, letter to Elza Meyberg, February 2, 1944, San Francisco, CA.
XXX    As the historian Eric Morris: Eric Morris, Corregidor: The End of the Line (Briarcliff Manor, NY: Stein and Day, 1981), p. 23.
XXX    War was a near-certainty: M. Jacoby, “Confidential” (cable to David Hulburd), December 6, 1941, Manila, the Philippines.
XXX    “saw some screwy headline”: M. Jacoby, “This Is Our Battle” (unpublished manuscript), March 18, 1942, somewhere at sea, p. 4.
XXX    “By noon the first day”: A. Jacoby, “Ours Is Full of Holes,” Douglas Airview (Van Nuys, CA) (August 1942), p. 4.
XXX    “MacArthur’s men wanted”: Melville Jacoby, “This Is Our Battle,” p. 9.
XXX    “The whole picture seemed”: Ibid, p. 4.
XXX    “Those days were eye-openers”: Ibid., p. 9.
XXX    Shortly after the war: Ibid., p. 7.
XXX    “The Manila countryside”: Melville Jacoby, “Manila Cable No. 34” (cable to David Hulburd), northern Luzon front, The Philippines, December 23, 1941.
XXX    “The story of the battle”: M. Jacoby, "Manila Cable No. 38" (cable to David Hulburd), Manila, The Philippines, Dec. 26, 1941. 
XXX    “Manila nights were”: M. Jacoby, “This Is Our Battle” p. 13.
XXX    “The ugliness of war”: Ibid, p. 9
XXX    “There are no uniforms”: M. Jacoby, “Cable No. 42” (cable to David Hulburd), December 26, 1941.
XXX    “The last two weeks”: A. Whitmore Jacoby Fadiman, letter to Elza Stern Meyberg and Manfred Meyberg, April 10, 1942, Melbourne, Australia.
XXX    “China days had taught us”: M. Jacoby, "In the air somewhere in Australia," (cable to David Hulburd), April 4, 1942, Australia, p. 4
XXX    For a time: M. Jacoby, “This Is Our Battle” p. 14.
XXX    “Congratulations”: Henry R. Luce, cable to M. Jacoby, December 26, 1941.
XXX    “I was scared then”: M. Jacoby, “This Is Our Battle” p. 13.
XXX    “None of us knew”: Dunn, Pacific Microphone, p. 160.
XXX    “just a stone’s throw”: M. Jacoby, “This Is Our Battle” p. 14.
XXX    “The same thing”: Ibid.
XXX    “Anything to stay”: Lee, They Call It Pacific, p. 151.
XXX    “By the time we’e [sic] finally”: A. Whitmore Jacoby Fadiman, letter to E. Meyberg and M. Meyberg, April 10, 1942, Melbourne, Australia.    
XXX    The Army Transportation Service: Gibson and Gibson, Over Seas, p. 226.
XXX    “It still seemed better”: A. Whitmore Jacoby Fadiman, April 10 letter.
XXX    “Carl and Shelley decided”: A. Whitmore Jacoby Fadiman, letter to Elza Stern Meyberg and Manfred Meyberg, April 10, 1942, Melbourne, Australia.
XXX    “It is often the case”: Sorel, The Women Who Wrote the War, p. 160.
XXX    “I guess that’s in”: M. Jacoby, letter to Elza and Manfred Meyberg, February 19, 1942, Corregidor, the Philippines.
XXX    They had to leave behind: A. Whitmore Jacoby Fadiman, letter to E. Meyberg and M. Meyberg, April 10, 1942, Melbourne, Australia.
XXX    Another journalist in Manila: Royal Arch Gunnison, So Sorry, No Peace (New York: Viking Press, 1944), p. 50.
XXX    Now he watched: M. Jacoby, letter to Elza Stern Meyberg and Manfred Meyberg, April 10, 1942, Melbourne, Australia. Additional accounts were made by Carl Mydans in unpublished personal papers.
XXX    “Annalee supplied”: Lee, They Call It Pacific, p. 153.
XXX    Unfortunately, they couldn’t find: Ibid.; M. Jacoby, “In the Air Somewhere in Australia.”
XXX    “Soon we’ll be in the Indies”: M. Jacoby, “In the Air Somewhere in Australia” (cable to David Hulburd), April 4, 1942, pp. 4–5.
XXX    “We could just barely make out”: M. Jacoby, “This Is Our Battle” p. 15.

Chapter 10: Into the Blackness Beyond

XXX    “We scrambled”: A. Whitmore Jacoby Fadiman, letter to Elza Stern Meyberg and Manfred Meyberg, April 10, 1942, Melbourne, Australia.
XXX    “That was our introduction”: M. Jacoby, “This Is Our Battle,” p. 16.
XXX    “Macarthur, he said”: Ibid, p. 15.
XXX    Nevertheless, the military: Lee, They Call It Pacific, p. 160.
XXX    “The Rock was teeming”: M. Jacoby, “This Is Our Battle,” p. 16.
XXX    “Help is on the way”: General Douglas MacArthur, “Message from General MacArthur,” January 15, 1942, Miscellaneous Papers, Fort Mills, 1941–42, “General Correspondence Files Relating to Civilian Employees, 1941–1955,” Records of the Adjutant General’s Office, 1917– [AGO], RG 407, National Archives, College Park, MD.
XXX    “It is a matter of fact”: A. Whitmore Jacoby Fadiman, “With MacArthur: An Eyewitness Report,” Liberty, April 18, 1942, p. 19.
XXX    Clark Lee would later pointedly: Lee, They Call It Pacific.
XXX    “subdivision of hell”: A. Whitmore Jacoby Fadiman, "With MacArthur," p. 19.
XXX    According to a War Department: “FM 30-26,” in Regulations for Correspondents Accompanying U.S. Army Forces in the Field (Washington, D.C.: U.S. War Department, January 21, 1942).
XXX    “Pressmen are allowed”: M. Jacoby, “Bataan Writers Allowed to File 500 Words Daily,” Editor and Publisher, February 7, 1942, p. 7.
XXX    “In Bataan the troops”: M. Jacoby, “Corregidor Cable No. 79”, Field Artillery Journal, The United States Field Artillery Association, Baltimore, MD, Vol. 32, No. 4, p. 267.
XXX    “The pictures of Bataan”: C. Gerston, "Bataan Wounded," letter to the editor in Life Magazine, May 11, 1942, p. 4.
XXX    “Now they’ve gone through weeks”: A. Whitmore Jacoby Fadiman, “With MacArthur,” p. 19.
XXX    The same morning: Colonel Carlos P. Romulo, I Saw the Fall of the Philippines (Garden City, NY: Doubleday, Doran & Co., 1943), p. 92.
XXX    “They were the sweethearts”: Ibid.
XXX    “We were of all ages”: Amea Willoughby, I Was on Corregidor: Experiences of an American Official’s Wife in the War-Torn Philippines (New York: Harper & Brothers, 1943), p. 134.
XXX    “That was her only concession”: Anne Fadiman, conversation with the author, July 31, 2014.
XXX    “eloquent of self-reliance”: Willoughby, I Was on Corregidor, p. 138.
XXX    “frilly, helpless”: Anne Fadiman, conversation with the author, July 31, 2014.
XXX    “We were impressed”: Willoughby, I Was on Corregidor, p. 138.
XXX    More often than not: A. Whitmore Jacoby Fadiman, “With MacArthur,” p. 19.
XXX    Pursuit Hal orchestrated: M. Jacoby, “Melbourne Cable (Jacoby No. 1)” (dispatch to David Hulburd), April 18, 1942, Melbourne, Australia, p. 1.
XXX    “Since the troops”: M. Jacoby, “Corregidor Cable No. 75” (telegram dispatch to David Hulburd). February 7, 1942, Corregidor, the Philippines.
XXX    Corregidor was “not the best place”: Dunn, Pacific Microphone, p. 160.
XXX    Her daughter Anne Fadiman would recall: Anne Fadiman, email to the author, January 21, 2013.
XXX    In their January 2, 1942: Louella O. Parsons, “Ruth Hussey to Play ‘War Bride,’ Story of Honeymoon Under Fire,” Los Angeles Examiner, January 2, 1942.
XXX    “there could be no Dunkirk”: Jacoby, “With MacArthur,” p. 19.
XXX    In mid-January: Francis B. Sayre, “Confidential for Time Inc.” (telegram), January 15, 1942, Fort Mills, in Francis B. Sayres Papers, Manuscript Division, Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
XXX    “We have informed your families”: David Hulburd, telegram to Melville and Annalee Jacoby, January 21, 1942, New York, NY, in Francis B. Sayres Papers, Manuscript Division, Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
XXX    The first of Mel’s cables: M. Jacoby, “Philippines Cable No. 65,” January 18, 1942, Corregidor, the Philippines.
XXX    Mel’s second “magnificent” dispatch: M. Jacoby, “Manila Cable No. 66,” January 18, 1942, with USAFFE headquarters, Luzon.
XXX    “On Bataan, Mel”: Melville Jacoby: 1916-1942 (memorial pamphlet), Division of Journalism, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, 1942, p. 8.
XXX    What Mel was hearing: “Jack Can’t Get a Date on His Birthday” (episode synopsis for The Jack Benny Show), available at Jack Benny in the 1940’s, “The 1941–1942 Season,” https://sites.google.com/site/jackbennyinthe1940s/Home/1941-1942-season (last revised October 27, 2014; accessed June 6, 2015).
XXX    “We hear KGEI”: M. Jacoby, letter to “Dear Family,” February 19, 1942, Corregidor, the Philippines.
XXX    “Annalee will be able”: Churchill, “Bull Session,” February 23, 1942.
XXX    “There is keenest rivalry”: M. Jacoby, “Philippines Cable No. 72,” February 1, 1942, Bataan, the Philippines.
XXX    “Do you want to go”: M. Jacoby, “In the Air Somewhere in Australia” (cable to David Hulburd), April 4, 1942, pp. 1–2.
XXX    “must have been boiling”: M. Jacoby, “This Is Our Battle,” p. 21.
XXX    “I believe you will make it”: M. Jacoby, “In the Air Somewhere in Australia,” p. 2.
XXX    “We could say goodbye”: Ibid, p. 1.
XXX    “I will be very busy”: Melville Jacoby, “Corregidor cable—Part I” (cable to David Hulburd), February 23, 1942, received over telephone from Army Radio, Corregidor, the Philippines.
XXX    “We sit by”: M. Jacoby, “CEBU (Philippines) Cable” (cable to David Hulburd), March 17, 1942, somewhere in the Philippines.
XXX    “impregnable as the mountain”: Ibid, p. 1
XXX    “It was hard to realize”: Charles Van Landingham, “Escape from Bataan,” Saturday Evening Post, October 3, 1942, p. 63.
XXX    “too bright moon”: M. Jacoby, “In the Air Somewhere in Australia” (cable to David Hulburd), April 4, 1942, p. 2.
XXX    “We talk very little”: Ibid.

Chapter 11: False Convoy

XXX    “Two Japanese cruisers”: A. Whitmore Jacoby Fadiman, “Ours Is Full of Holes,” p. 39.
XXX    Once scouts: M. Jacoby, “In the Air Somewhere in Australia,” p. 5. 
XXX    “We heard the same thing”: A. Whitmore Jacoby Fadiman, “Ours Is Full of Holes,” p. 39.
XXX    “We stuffed ourselves”: Van Landingham, “Escape from Bataan,” p. 63.
XXX    Wine flowed readily: M. Jacoby, “In the Air Somewhere in Australia,” p. 6.
XXX    “It was warm”: Van Landingham, “Escape from Bataan,” p. 63.
XXX    “Each little fishing boat”: M. Jacoby, “In the Air Somewhere in Australia,” p. 6.
XXX    “Every night on the ship”: A. Whitmore Jacoby Fadiman, letter to Elza Stern Meyberg and Manfred Meyberg, April 10, 1942, Melbourne, Australia.
XXX    wearing Mickey Mouse: M. Jacoby, M. Jacoby, “CEBU (Philippines) Cable” (cable to David Hulburd), March 17, 1942, somewhere in the Philippines, p. 7.
XXX    “They are short on food”: Ibid.
XXX    On the third day: Lee, They Call It Pacific, p. 255.
XXX    “We had forgotten there”: Ibid., p. .
XXX    As soon as the Princesa: Jacoby, “In the Air Somewhere in Australia,” p. 6.
XXX    “Fine. Traveling”: Anne Whitmore, letter to Elza and Manfred Meyberg, February 27, 1942 (received in Bethesda, MD).
XXX    In Los Angeles: M. Jacoby, telegram to Elza and Manfred Meyberg, February 27, 1942, Cebu, the Philippines
XXX    In Barili: Lee, They Call It Pacific, p. 256.
XXX    “Cebu brought back”: Van Landingham, “Escape from Bataan,” p. 63.
XXX    “It is amazing”: M. Jacoby, “Background on Cebu” (cable to David Hulburd), April 11, 1942.
XXX    Cebu City seemed: Lee, They Call It Pacific, p. 256.
XXX    “jittery as race colts”: M. Jacoby, “Background on Cebu.”
XXX    532-foot light cruiser: Bob Hackett and Sander Kingsepp, “IJN Kuma: Tabular Record of Movement” (revision 9), 2014, available at: Junyokan! Stories and Battle Histories of the IJN’s [Imperial Japanese Navy’s] Cruiser Force, http://www.combinedfleet.com/kuma_t.htm (accessed October 29, 2015).
XXX    The shelling destroyed: Kemp Tolley, “Target: Corregidor,” World War II Journal 5, ed. Ray Merriam (Bennington, VT: Merriam Press, 1999), p. 22.
XXX    “One [shell] struck”: Van Landingham, “Escape from Bataan,” p. 63.
XXX    “postcard beauty”: M. Jacoby, “In the Air Somewhere in Australia,” p. 7.
XXX    Given as much privacy: Lee, They Call It Pacific, p. 257.
XXX    Mel described Elza’s gardens: A. Jacoby Fadiman, “Dear Mother and Dad #2,” letter to Elza and Manfred Meyberg, Fall 1942.
XXX    “The moon rising, shadows”: M. Jacoby, “In the Air Somewhere in Australia,” p. 7.
XXX    “progressing as rapidly”: A. Whitmore Jacoby Fadiman, Cable to David Hulburd, Feb. 28, 1942, Cebu, The Philippines.
XXX    But with three years: M. Jacoby, letter to Elza Stern Meyberg and Manfred Meyberg, April 10, 1942, Melbourne, Australia. 
XXX    “All kinds of men make up”: M. Jacoby, (“Corregidor Cable No. 79”), Field Artillery Journal, The United States Field Artillery Association, Baltimore, MD, Vol. 32, No. 4, p. 267
XXX    “We keep thinking”: A. Whitmore Jacoby Fadiman, letter to Elza Stern Meyberg and Manfred Meyberg, April 10, 1942, Melbourne, Australia.
XXX    “Some of the most courageous”: Tolley, “Target: Corregidor,” World War II Journal 5, p. 22.
XXX    At first, Cebu: “Report of Army Transport Service in Philippines. 8 Dec 1941–6 May 1942,” Records Relating to War Support Services, 1941–1947, Records of the Adjutant General’s Office, 1917– [AGO], RG 407, National Archives, College Park, MD.
XXX    Pons had led: “Blockade Runner: Gallant Captain Outwits Japs in Small Philippine Freighter,” San Francisco Chronicle, November 6, 1942.
XXX    Colonel Alexander Johnson: Gibson and Gibson, Over Seas, p. 249.
XXX    Pons, who had been: Van Landingham, “Escape from Bataan,” p. 65.
XXX    At 4:00 a.m. on March 10: Lee, They Call It Pacific, p. 259.
XXX    “Don’t be damn fools”: Ibid., p. 260.
XXX    Doña Nati’s crew: Anne F. Fadiman, conversation with the author, July 31, 2014.
XXX    “cross-legged, cross-fingered”: M. Jacoby, “In the Air Somewhere in Australia,” p. 8.
XXX    “like a brick chimney”: Ibid.
XXX    No planes came, but: Van Landingham, “Escape from Bataan,” p. 63.
XXX    Pons later said: San Francisco Chronicle, “Blockade Runner.”
XXX    “To me, the trip”: Van Landingham, “Escape from Bataan,” p. 65.
XXX    On that anxious night: Lee, They Call It Pacific, p. 266.
XXX    Captain Pons told: Ibid., p. 267.
XXX    “right through a hornet’s”: M. Jacoby, “In the Air Somewhere in Australia,” p. 9
XXX    Pons was trying to: San Francisco Chronicle, “Blockade Runner.”
XXX    Annalee filed: M. Jacoby, “In the Air Somewhere in Australia,” p. 9.
XXX    “I only wish”: David Hulburd, letter to Elza Meyberg, March 16, 1942, New York.
XXX    On the morning: “USN Deck Log USS Lexington March 1942,” USN Deck Logs, Records of the Bureau of Naval Personnel, 1798–2007, RG 24, National Archives, College Park, MD.
XXX    “With little to do”: M. Jacoby, “This Is Our Battle” (unpublished manuscript), March 18, 1942, somewhere at sea, p. 1.
XXX    that same night: “USN Deck Log USS Lexington March 1942,” USN Deck Logs, Records of the Bureau of Naval Personnel, 1798–2007, RG 24, National Archives, College Park, MD.
XXX    Mel noted that none: M. Jacoby, “In the Air Somewhere in Australia,” p. 10.
XXX    Crewmen played: Ibid.
XXX    “I wish I knew”: David Hulburd, memorandum to F. D. Pratt, Time Inc., March 30, 1942, New York, NY, p. 1.
XXX    Around the same time: David Hulburd, letter to Selective Service headquarters, Local Board 98, March 23, 1942.
XXX    “We had come far enough”: M. Jacoby, “In the Air Somewhere in Australia,” p. 11.
XXX    “Our first glimpse of the country”: Ibid.

Chapter 12: “Too Good to Be True”

XXX    “No details yet”: David Hulburd, memorandum to F. D. Pratt, Time Inc., March 30, 1942, New York, NY, p. 1.
XXX    “Both Fine”: M. Jacoby, telegram to Elza and Manfred Meyberg, March 30, 1942, Brisbane, Australia. 
XXX    Mel followed up: M. Jacoby, telegram to Elza Meyberg, March 31, 1942, Brisbane, Australia.
XXX    Shortly after the Doña Nati: M. Jacoby, “Personal Statement by Alien Passenger,” Commonwealth of Australia.
XXX    After filling out the forms: Lee, They Call It Pacific, p. 269.
XXX    “In Bataan at night”: M. Jacoby, “In the Air Somewhere in Australia,” p. 1.
XXX    “I found, you know”: T. White, letter to family, June 12, 1942, somewhere in the Indian Ocean, copy courtesy of Heyden White Rostow.
XXX    “Time’s Corregidor correspondent”: T. White, cable to Robert Haas and Bennett Cerf, undated (April, 1942), Melbourne, Australia.
XXX    “There are a lot of familiar”: M. Jacoby, “Melbourne Cable” (cable to David Hulburd), April 9, 1942.
XXX    “Unbelievably in months”: “Philippine Epic,” Life, April 13, 1942.
XXX    All the comforts: A. Whitmore Jacoby Fadiman, letter to Elza Stern Meyberg and Manfred Meyberg, April 10, 1942, Melbourne, Australia.
XXX    “At last Bataan fell”: “Bataan Wounded Lived with Pain,” Life, April 20, 1942, p. 33.
XXX    “If ever men were”: M. Jacoby, “Melbourne Cable” (cable to David Hulburd), April 9, 1942, p. 1.
XXX    “In Australia we saw”: A. Whitmore Jacoby Fadiman, “Ours Is Full of Holes,” p. 39.
XXX    “Being married is wonderful”: A. Whitmore Jacoby Fadiman, letter to Elza Stern Meyberg and Manfred Meyberg, April 10, 1942, Melbourne, Australia.
XXX    “It’s hard to get”: M. Jacoby, letter to Elza Stern Meyberg and Manfred Meyberg, April 10, 1942, Melbourne, Australia. 
XXX    But when the announcer: March of Time, radio rebroadcast, May 17, 1942.
XXX    “Indeed, it was a case”: Allison Ind, Bataan: The Judgment Seat (New York: Macmillan, 1944), p. 373.
XXX    “short hop”: Clark Lee, They Call It Pacific, radio adaptation from “Words at War,” NBC, July 10, 1943, available at: http://archive.org/details/WordsAtWar_995 (accessed October 8, 2012).
XXX    Two days before: “Jacoby, M., Correspondent Killed in Crash, Gave His $1,600 Savings to Chinese Relief,” Evening Star (Washington, D.C.), April 30, 1942.
XXX    Before Mel left: Colonel Carlos P. Romulo, I Saw the Fall of the Philippines (Garden City, NY: Doubleday, Doran & Co., 1943), p. 315.
XXX    “[Mel and Annalee] had”: Col. LeGrand A. Diller, letter to Elza Meyberg, February 2, 1944.
XXX    “had narrow escapes”: M. Jacoby, “In the Air Somewhere in Australia,” p. 12.
XXX    “We heard of unspeakable”: Romulo, I Saw the Fall of the Philippines, p. 314
XXX    “I hope something”: M. Jacoby, cable to David Hulburd, April 8, 1942, Melbourne, Australia.
XXX    “manly, handsome”: Ind, Bataan, p. 375.
XXX    “especially dark”: A. Whitmore Jacoby Fadiman, cable to David Hulburd, May 28, 1942, p. 4.
XXX    Lieutenant Jack Dale: Bob Alford, Darwin’s Air War: 1942–1945: An Illustrated History (Knoxville, TN: Coleman’s Printing, 2011).
XXX    Colonel Ind recounted: Ind., Bataan, p. 377.

Chapter 13: Soldier of the Press

XXX    Early in the morning: A. Whitmore Jacoby Fadiman, telegram to Elza Meyberg, April 30, 1942.
XXX    But Annalee was furious: Anne F. Fadiman, conversation with the author, July 31, 2014.
XXX    “Mel’s career was”: Teddy White, letter to Elza Meyberg, May 28, 1942, p. 2.
XXX    “I think that those last weeks”: Anne F. Fadiman, conversation with the author, July 31, 2014.
XXX    “When we heard”: T. White, letter to Elza Meyberg, May 28, 1942, p. 2.
XXX    Finally, one afternoon: T. White, letter to Mary White, June 12, 1942, p. 1.
XXX    There is nothing: A. Whitmore Jacoby Fadiman, letter to Elza Meyberg, date unknown (probably late May or June 1942).
XXX    “There was so many”: Ibid.
XXX    She instantly felt: A. Whitmore Jacoby Fadiman, “Dear Mother and Dad #2,” letter to Elza and Manfred Meyberg, Fall 1942.
XXX    “spent an hour in a movie”: Ibid.
XXX    He died almost immediately: “Whitmore Rites Today” (news clipping from unknown publication), October 1942.
XXX    Tom Seller: Thomas Seller, letter to Elza Meyberg, January 24, 1943, p. 1.
XXX    1943 Veronica Lake: “So Proudly We Hail: Realistic Story in the Philippines Draws on ‘LIFE’ Pictures for Authentic Detail,” Life, October 4, 1943, p. 69.
XXX    On the afternoon: Carl Mydans, personal notes, "Dec. 31, 1943," in Notebook 6 (courtesy of the Mydans family). 
XXX    Shortly after Leland’s: S. Mydans, “Book-of-the-Month Author,” p. 6.
XXX    Among the interned: A. Fadiman, conversation with the author, July 31, 2014.
XXX    Annalee urged her mother: A. Fadiman, email to the author, August 1, 2014.
XXX    “She would have”: A. Fadiman, conversation with the author, July 31, 2014.
XXX    writing Pacific and Asia: S. Mydans, “Annalee Jacoby,” Book-of-the-Month Club News, p. 6.
XXX    “Inflation had increased”: MacKinnon and Friesen, China Reporting, p. 51.
XXX    “After all this censorship”: A. Fadiman, conversation with the author, July 31, 2014.
XXX    “It was more than destiny”: “Philippine Epic” (composite story), Life, April 13, 1942.
XXX    “Somehow, I feel there”: T. White, letter to Elza Meyberg, May 29, 1947, New York, N.Y., p. 2
XXX    “It was a remarkable”: Walter Sullivan, “1983: … The Crucial 1940’s,” Nieman Reports (Spring 1983), http://niemanreports.org/articles/1983-the-crucial-1940s/ (accessed June 10, 2015).
XXX    In 1985, Annalee: “Memories Come Flooding Back as Chongqing Is Revisited,” China Daily, April 10, 1985, http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/epaper/html/cd/1985/198504/19850410/19850410004_1.html.
XXX    But Annalee: A. Fadiman, conversation with the author, July 31, 2014.
XXX    “There is a tremendous”: M. Jacoby, letter to Henry R. Luce, January 28, 1942, Corregidor, the Philippines.
XXX    “I’ve often wondered”: A. Fadiman, conversation with the author, July 31, 2014.

Epilogue

XXX    “I remember it like”: Peggy S. Cole, conversation with the author, May 30, 2013.
XXX    “He was wealthy, handsome”: Ibid.